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How to count rhythmic notation

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Symbols of rhythmic notation

Musical notation uses the following symbols to represent note values and count rhythms:

Whole note (UK: semibreve) empty note head without stem 4 beats long
Half note (minim) empty note head with stem 2 beats long
Quarter note (crotchet) black note head with stem 1 beat long
Eighth note (quaver) black note head with stem and flag or beam ½ beat long
Sixteenth note (semiquaver) black note head with stem and two flags or beams ¼ beat long
Whole rest (semibreve) rectangle hanging from the 4th line 4 beats long
Half rest (minim) rectangle sitting on the 3rd line 2 beats long
Quarter rest (crotchet) curved symbol 1 beat long
Eighth (quaver) single flag in the 3rd space ½ beat long
Sixteenth rest (semiquaver) double flag in the 2nd and 3rd space ¼ beat long
Triplet bracket or slur with the number 3 3 notes in the space of 2
Time signature upper numerator indicates beats per bar, lower denominator defines beat unit
Dotted note/rest dot after a note/rest extends it by its half duration (+ 50 %)
Tie connects held note with next note to form a single extended note
Fermata small half circle with dot above a note prolongs it at the musician's discretion